SKU: 94343084114

Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution

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Mutual Aid: A Factor of EvolutionIn this cornerstone of modern liberal social theory, Peter Kropotkin states that the most effective human and animal communities are essentially cooperative, rather than competitive. Kropotkin based this classic on his observations of natural phenomena and history, forming a work of stunning and well reasoned scholarship. Essential to the understanding of human evolution as well as social organization, it offers a powerful counterpoint to the tenets

In this cornerstone of modern liberal social theory, Peter Kropotkin states that the most effective human and animal communities are essentially cooperative, rather than competitive. Kropotkin based this classic on his observations of natural phenomena and history, forming a work of stunning and well-reasoned scholarship. Essential to the understanding of human evolution as well as social organization, it offers a powerful counterpoint to the tenets of Social Darwinism. It also cites persuasive evidence of human nature's innate compatibility with anarchist society.
Kropotkin's basic argument is correct, noted evolutionary biologist Stephen Jay Gould. Struggle does occur in many modes, and some lead to cooperation among members of a species as the best pathway to advantage for individuals. Anthropologist Ashley Montagu declared that Mutual Aid will never be any more out of date than will the Declaration of Independence. New facts may increasingly become available, but we can already see that they will serve largely to support Kropotkin's conclusion that 'in the ethical progress of man, mutual support--not mutual struggle--has had the leading part.' Physician and author Alex Comfort asserted that Kropotkin profoundly influenced human biology by his theory of Mutual Aid. . . . He was one of the first systematic students of animal communities, and may be regarded as the founder of modern social ecology.

Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Dover Publications
Published: 04/07/2006
ISBN: 9780486449135
Pages: 312
Weight: 0.66lbs
Size: 8.26h x 6.48w x 0.70d
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SKU: 94343084114

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Amazon Customer
San Leandro, US
★★★★★ 3
Three Stars
Format: Paperback
a little hard to follow
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Reviewed in the United States on November 2, 2015
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The Glide
Charlottesville, US
★★★★★ 5
Sad to say Christians killed "infidels" too
Format: Paperback
A real eye-opener! Christians were killing "infidels" in the middle ages and the infidels were other Christians, Jews and Muslims.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 10, 2016
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Ted Hardin
Charlottesville, US
★★★★★ 5
A great book about the middle ages
Format: Paperback
If I was ignorant as most Americans are who call themselves Christian and do not know anything about the middle ages and the development and Christianity I would read this as a good over view.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 1, 2009
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Audrey Herrick
Whiting, US
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Love this beautiful serving plate!
Beautiful, meaningful, loving energy radiates from this practical serving plate. I bought it as a gift for my daughter for her bridal shower. Every time she and her husband use it, it sets a loving, kind and welcoming tone for each other, and all who share a meal with them!
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Reviewed in the United States on December 27, 2025
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Lake Worth, US
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Sturdy plate
Plate was awesome and very sturdy
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Reviewed in the United States on December 30, 2025

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